Jenn and I (Steven) fought nearly every day for our first year on the field.

At the end of our first term of 2.5 years, we did a debrief and noted that second only to learning union with Christ, both of us said our marriage, and our co-leadership of the ministry and team together, was the thing we were most grateful for. It was nothing short of a miracle that the Lord did to bring us to that point from how fragile, disunified, and hostile we were to each other.

To us, men and women leading together is a critical element in seeing missions teams and ministries thrive and be effective. We’ve seen many husband and wife units that were not on the same page strain in their marriage and leave the field. We’ve seen solo male team leaders struggle to lead without the gifts that women leaders bring. We’ve seen many gifted, passionate women goers be underused and underappreciated on teams where male leaders did not know how to empower them, who have eventually left the field. Many of those situations would have greatly benefitted from a woman leader’s voice along with a male leader to bring guidance and resolution.

As Jenn contends in her post on Women in Leadership, the Great Commission needs women leaders, and missions teams and ministries are not realizing their potential when they fail to empower women to operate in their gifts and leadership.

This is not to say that missions teams with male team leaders will necessarily fail to be healthy or effective. Good leaders will learn how to shepherd, direct, and develop their teammates regardless of gender. We’ll write a future post about tips for men leading women. However, we’ve found it most effective when there is a level of men and women leading together for multiple reasons.

This post will generally be about men and women leading together on missions teams, whether as a married couple or as non-married co-leaders. We’ll have some guidelines specifically about husbands and wives leading together in the future.

Our Story

Jenn gives a pretty thorough version of her experience of discovering her leadership identity in the midst of navigating life overseas and being in our first year of marriage in her Women in Leadership post.

We were 6 months married when we launched to the field – not recommended. From my (Steven) side, the feeling I most experienced during that first year was overwhelmed. I had heard from experienced goers how difficult the field could be on a marriage, and wanted desperately to establish healthy foundations between me and Jenn.

But at the same time, I was completely in over my head with our transition to the field, leading a team, and starting a new ministry. On top of the ‘normal’ field transitions like learning language and dealing with culture stress, I had innumerable team leader responsibilities piled on as well, including finding visas, opening ministry opportunities, detailing crisis plans, and approving 9 units’ ministry expenses.

The stress and burden of all of that hit me like a ton of bricks. 

I had always expected and desired Jenn to be a ministry partner with me, but I didn’t know what it could look like, didn’t know how to communicate that, and didn’t know what types of barriers and insecurities she was dealing with. It took us about a year of getting through culture-stress and learning to communicate as a newly married couple before we began understanding each other. 

Since we are both incredibly stubborn, we were missing the truth that God had given each of us exactly the thing we needed in each other. I needed someone to help carry the vision and responsibility of the team. And Jenn wanted to be empowered to use her giftings according to her calling. Jenn met the women on our team 1-on-1 and was in charge of their development and shepherding. I looked for more opportunities to invite her into areas of leadership according to her gifting and clear the way for her as a leader within our sending organization and our church.

10 years later, we couldn’t imagine working in a different way. We debrief nearly every ministry thing together, even if it’s something that we’re doing completely independently. We include each other in every ministry partnership, and we elevate and complement each other’s strengths. And perhaps from the example that we’ve set, it’s standard for men and women on the teams we’ve raised up to partner and lead together in ministry.

Along the way, as we’ve figured out what works for us and coached other ministry and team leaders, we think that men and women leading together leads to the healthiest and most effective outcomes.

Theological Considerations

Before we jump into reasons why we think men and women leading and working together is important, we want to quickly address the theological considerations around this topic. We aren’t trying to convince anybody towards or against a theological stance on women in leadership.

What we do want to encourage you to do is to study the Word about what it says regarding women in leadership, women in ministry, and men and women working together. From that, form a position that can be communicated clearly to your team. Jenn gives her view in her post on women in leadership, so I won’t state that here. But I will reiterate that once you have established your biblical view on women in ministry, explicitly empower women towards everything that they CAN do. Even though it may not be vocalized by the women on your team, it’s likely that some are wondering about where they can fit in, and being clear and empowering will be appreciated. Encourage discussion with your whole team about where men and women can collaborate and team together.

We find the Coworkers Bible Study and Developing Female Leaders by Kadi Cole as helpful supplementary resources.

Why Is This Important?

Ultimately, why is this topic of men and women leading together important? The bottom line for us is that missions teams that fail to empower both the women and men on their team towards their most effective role in ministry and leadership are missing out. They are missing out on seeing the fullness of the body of Christ at work. They are missing out on ministry opportunities that are available when both men and women are fully empowered.

Here are some of the key reasons why men and women leading together on missions teams is extremely valuable. The first three points are from Steven and the last two are from Jenn.

Increased Access in Ministry Opportunities

Over 50% of unreached people are women. Whether through direct disciple-making ministry or in partnering with local believers towards movement, having women in ministry leadership together with men will multiply your team’s ministry opportunities.

One of the major steps in pursuing movement is finding a National Apostolic Visionary to partner with towards multiplication. In many locations in the 1040 window, societies tend to be patriarchal, with men commonly in leadership positions. It’s good and strategic for movement practitioners to try to partner with local male Christian leaders. But because these local leaders are already very busy, there can be barriers with their availability. And given that there are usually few fruitful believers to work with, other expat workers may desire to partner with them as well.

However, there can be abundant opportunities found in partnering with local women believers who may be more available and perhaps even emerging leaders that are underdeveloped and open to pursuing different methodologies. Naturally, these local women believers will feel more comfortable interacting in ministry with outsider trainers and coaches who are also women.

We’ve learned from other movement practitioners that women oftentimes are the earliest adopters of movement approaches and can be quicker to enter into pioneering spaces and endure persecution. These local women are then naturally able to access non-believing women who can be in highly inaccessible or even oppressive situations in patriarchal cultures. If we are failing to empower and create opportunities for the women on our teams to enter into ministry, we are potentially cutting in half the pool of laborers and leaders that could be equipped to engage the harvest.

This is anecdotal to our teams in Thailand, but of the different partnerships with Thai networks that we have, the most fruitful ones are with Thai women leaders. And to no one’s surprise, it is the women on our team that run point with those leaders – planning strategy, training believers, coaching leaders, and walking side-by-side with them. If we didn’t have women leaders on our teams, just as empowered and committed to the vision as the male team members, we would be greatly missing out on seeing more people hear and receive the gospel in Thailand.

In contrast, one male leader that I coach in the Middle East acutely felt the cultural gender barriers that exist in his country. Although there were local women that voiced their interest in knowing more about Jesus, it would be culturally inappropriate for him to invite them to a male or even mixed-gender Bible study, and there were no known women Bible studies in his city that he could invite them to.

When there are both men and women leading together and empowering the team, teams can appropriately seize the opportunities to interact with both men and women in ministry settings.

Plurality of Leadership and Improved Decision-Making

We’ve mentioned before that the multiple roles of the team leader can feel impossible – shepherd, manager, administrator, strategy coordinator, developer to name a few. In our experience, having multiple leaders share the burden can be a huge benefit to your team and ministry.

It’s generally understood that single women greatly outnumber single men on the missions field, with some ratios cited as high as 7-to-1. It’s extremely likely that you have more women than men on your team. However you structure it, having at least one woman leader will maximize the benefits of leadership plurality. Women leaders will better represent the perspectives and needs of the women on your team and in your ministry, helping the leaders make better decisions.

Increased Collaboration and Empowerment

Our initial team had 6 men and 7 women. I grew up with most of the guys on our team. I knew their strengths and weaknesses and knew what roles would maximize their giftings. I didn’t know the women as well and healthy boundaries kept me from knowing them as well as the male teammates. After Jenn began investing in the women teammates and getting to know them, it was much easier to empower them to their best roles and set them up for strong collaboration with the men on our team. Having Jenn step into a role of leadership catalyzed greater empowerment of the women on our team and fostered stronger collaboration between the male and female teammates.

Just by seeing me and Jenn model leading and working together, our teammates felt permission to do the same. The women teammates saw Jenn in leadership and were more willing to step into leadership and ministry opportunities they might have assumed were for men. Our teamwork increased as everyone was more fully enabled to operate in their best roles.

A critical responsibility of a team leader is to empower their people to operate to the fullest extent of their giftings and strengths. When we can do this for both men and women, a team is able to harness and operate in the gifts of the full body of Christ. When leadership is able to model both men and women working and leading together, this creates a culture that releases team members to take risks, practice their giftings, and to learn from and help each other as well.

Shepherding Without Crossing Boundaries

The intensity of cross-cultural living and ministry can stress those we lead to the point where deep sin tendencies begin to emerge. In these situations, people naturally become discouraged, lose vision, or can even fall into moral failure. Before they reach this point, leaders need to step and help them identify and address sins they are struggling with, and to find freedom and healing. 

Everyone may have different thresholds and boundaries when it comes to cross-gender leadership, but generally we would consider it inappropriate for leaders to cross genders in addressing deep sin issues, or even some relational or marriage issues. Additionally, the pitfalls when it comes to cross-cultural, cross-gender shepherding are even more risky. We have heard many stories of male missionaries who have talked directly to a wife in a local family and ruined the relationship with that family for bypassing the husband, or vice versa with female goers. So regardless of what tradition you come from, it’s important that you know your personal, team, and host culture’s boundaries and communicate them clearly so no one is left in an awkward or potentially dangerous situation! 

In our first few years on the field, the women on our team wrestled with suicidal thoughts, eating disorders, depression, marriage issues, and frustration with role, just to name a few. Each of these issues are extremely personal and requires careful handling. Unfortunately, no matter how well intentioned Steven was, there were certain boundaries that he couldn’t cross when it came to shepherding. But simply by being a woman, I was able to more naturally empathize with the woman on the team. To them, I felt safe, which allowed me to foster trust in order to ask the hard questions and be received as a source of help. However, while I was often “in the trenches” with the women, Steven’s strengths and gifts were also needed. He coordinated with professionals to create shepherding / health plans, building a framework for accountability and holistic healing. He advocated for them to our org and created spaces where they felt permission to work on their own health without shame. Steven and I were able to work together in ways that felt appropriate for the people on our team, and by God’s grace, many of these women have found freedom and continue to persevere in the work!

Generally, women leaders are able to build deeper relationships with national women and with women on their teams, and speak into heart issues that a man might not be able to as easily. Being able to shepherd a team deeply is critical to keeping people persevering in the work as they find freedom from “everything that hinders, and the sin that so easily entangles” (Hebrews 12:1).

Emotional Intelligence and Rapport

Both men and women image Christ in different ways, which often expresses itself in different ways in leadership. Corporate research also understands this dynamic. Multiple Harvard Business Review studies have concluded that women leaders generally excel in collaborative spaces, rapport-building, emotional intelligence, and empathetic thinking for others. Women are also often turned to in times of crises, trusted to exhibit more self-control and navigate difficult relational dynamics. But in some ministry leadership rooms, women can be more excluded and under-leveraged.

At its core, ministry centers around people. We team with people, we work with national partners, we try to love and serve people in a way that allows them to receive the gospel. In all these things, emotional intelligence, empathy, and collaboration are a strength that women tend to bring to the table. How many opportunities are we losing when we don’t harness the strengths of women leaders? How much more unified could our teams be? There is so much to gain through harnessing the unique contributions of women leaders.

Worth the Cost

From Adam and Eve to Priscilla and Aquila to Paul and his coworkers of men and women, we see in the Bible that there is a precedent of men and women leading and ministering together. In seeking this type of leadership dynamic, challenges will emerge. It might feel slow at first as you figure out new structures, new ways of communication, new ways of teaming.

But it’s worth the cost.

Men and women leading together allows for teams to realize the full potential of the body of Christ in order to access anyone who God has prepared to hear the gospel or be trained to make disciples.

Discussion Questions

Here are some questions you can use to discuss and pray through how you might be able to empower the men and women on your teams toward greater co-leadership and collaboration with one another.

• What feelings arise when you think about men and women leading together? What excites you, and what tensions do you notice? Why?
• Looking at your current leadership context, are both men and women represented in leadership roles and decision-making spaces?
• What roles do men and women play on your team? How does cross-gender collaboration and teamwork currently function?
• How might empowering both men and women leaders expand your access to the people you are ministering to?
• Are team members and national partners positioned to thrive in their callings, strengths, and gifts? Why or why not?
• Is there someone you sense the Spirit is inviting you to intentionally elevate and develop as a leader?
• What specific changes could you make to strengthen collaboration and teamwork between men and women leaders on your team?

1. Spiritual Gifts and Missions
2. Spiritual Gifts and the Missions Field
3. Spiritual Gifts and Missions Teams
4. What is the ‘Apostolic’ and Why Is It Important?
5. The 5 Essential Elements of an Apostolic Leader
6. Indicators of an Emerging Apostolic Leader

In this series, we’ve discovered what the word “apostolic” means, given the 5 essential elements of an apostolic leader, and discussed potential indicators of an emerging apostolic leader.

In this final post, we’ll talk about how to partner with and develop these proven or emerging apostolic leaders.

We’ve previously given some very practical steps for how to network with believers, build relational trust, and filter for a potential NAV through a “NAV Process.” This includes introductory meetings, discerning if they fit the NAV profile, vision casting, participating in ministry together, and finally piloting a training with them and their group.

Hopefully by the end of this process, you have 1-3 good candidates to partner with. As you partner together, keep the 5 essential elements and the indicators in mind to help you discern if they’re truly apostolically gifted.

But what happens if it turns out that they aren’t apostolic? What then?

Then you’ve spent time either learning about what you’re really looking for and / or you’ve found a local partner who has the vision to pioneer and multiply but may need some help in certain areas to see breakthrough. Either way, it’s time well spent. We’d encourage you to shoot for an apostolic leader because it’s a gifting that God clearly uses to pioneer. If He grants it, great. But any and all gifts can be used for the Kingdom. Any believer can be given a vision for multiplication and may have a crucial role in it. 

You’ll still likely find other faithful, vision-driven local believers that want to pursue multiplication – you should absolutely work with them! It could be that one of them has latent apostolic giftings and needs more time for those things to emerge. And no matter what, these local believers will have much greater effectiveness as cultural insiders in making disciples than we will. They may eventually help you find an apostolic leader that leads to breakthrough by training other believers or through the harvest, like how Paul raised up Priscilla and Aquila as leaders in Corinth who eventually found and developed Apollos. We believe that it’s best if the apostolic gift is involved somewhere in the movement work – through the insider believer, the outsider partner, a movement coach, or through the harvest. He will lead you to these types of people in His timing! Until He does, keep praying, looking, and partnering with faithful disciple makers towards multiplication.

Partnering With an Apostolic Leader

Here are some things we would encourage you to do with an emerging or established apostolic leader that you want to partner with. Some may happen earlier or later in the process of ministry, but all are beneficial in pursuing multiplication, identifying emerging leaders, and developing and using the apostolic gift!

Pioneer Together. As apostolic leaders are called to pioneer among new peoples and places, the first step is to do pioneering work together! Whether entering and preparing new areas through prayer walking, sharing with the lost, or catalyzing others through training, apostolic leaders will thrive in a pioneering environment. You can follow a MAWL (Model-Assist-Watch-Launch) process if you’re working with a potential apostolic leader who has never engaged in pioneering before. You’ll quickly be able to gauge their faithfulness, capacity, and gifting in harvest and catalyzing activities like seeing a fish in water! During the early stages with an emerging leader, you may need to set the parameters and guide a little bit more, but the apostolic leader will intuitively and earnestly start to generate more of the initiation of pioneering activities. Encourage them to pick the target people or places to start harvesting, the groups to train, the tools to use, and help them to gradually refine the vision that the Lord has given them. The goal is to empower them to grow into their gifting, not for them to become cogs in our ministry machine – so empower them by letting them take the lead and make decisions!

Train in Multiplication Principles and Practices. Being in the pioneering environment will feel natural and exciting for the apostolic leader, but pioneering activity does not necessarily equate to multiplication activity. Train and coach the apostolic leader in multiplication principles and practices. It doesn’t need to be a formal classroom setting to train; simply sitting together in a tea or coffee shop and talking through these things with a potential apostolic leader is great! Walking through the apostle Paul’s journeys is probably the best tool in showing a combination of principle and practice. Telling stories of movement, reading case studies, and introducing apostolic leaders to movement sources can help broaden their vision from simply expanding the Kingdom to catalyzing a multiplication movement. It can also be really helpful to show a process of how multiplication can happen, whether the 4 Fields or T4T or DMM processes. We use this Multiplication Cycle that combines elements from different streams of movement to help our partners understand how to pursue multiplication. For the sake of simplicity, we generally lean towards biblical training and tools over movement-jargon types of curriculum, though both are needed and helpful.

The apostolic leader will differ from other types of leaders when engaging in a vision for multiplication – they’ll believe it can be done. It’s the faith gifted to an apostolic leader to believe that God can and will do this miraculous work in their field, where many others may feel resistance or hesitance that it can happen. As with the first point – try to empower the local leader to make decisions about what ways are best to apply these multiplication principles in their context. As the cultural insider who is a foundation and DNA setter, they will likely be far more effective in choosing multiplication practices for their context after some initial guidance.

Focus on Apostolic Functions. Clinton’s Leadership Commentary on 1st and 2 Timothy has a number of very helpful articles around the Apostolic Function and Gift. He highlights 7 functions in particular:

1. Start New Ministries
2. Appoint Leaders
3. Establish Works (help newly started works to develop and grow)
4. Intercede for Works, both new and old
5. Combat Heresy
6. Resource New and Old Ministries
7. Test New Ministries for Validity

The last 3 functions – combat heresy, resource ministries, test validity – are probably later stage functions as opposed to the first 4 focused on starting new ministries, appointing leaders, and doing the work of intercession.

As we said in the post about indicators, an apostolic leader is likely to be a jack of all trades, multi-gifted in order to help the new ministry or work get off the ground. In a given week they might end up training, evangelizing, interceding, teaching, preaching, healing, shepherding, administrating ministry, leading worship, cooking food for the group, taking care of a believer’s kid, driving between multiple locations, answering the phone, helping a business, problem solving a strategic problem, encouraging a hurting believer, and 100 other things. As a leader of an emerging or multiplying work, they’ll have full plates! Your job as a Barnabas is to help them to focus. Spinning too many plates is one of the big pitfalls we see for apostolics, as their competency and the breadth of their vision drive them to end up doing everything.

As with any believer with a spiritual gift, they’ll be most effective when they can spend the majority of their time serving out of their gift instead of other things. Of course there’s some percentage of our time where we have to do things that we’re not gifted at – but honoring the Lord by releasing responsibility to other leaders is the role of an apostolic leader. Help them focus on starting new things, clarifying vision, investing in leaders, and interceding for the works! That leads us to…

Collaborate with and Release Authority to PESTs and Other Gifts. Again, one of the main pitfalls for an apostolic leader is to get caught up with all the needs of a new work and try to overcontrol everything by doing everything themselves. A critical component of an apostolic leader is to identify, appoint/recruit, develop, and release new leaders! Not just other apostolic leaders, but other Prophets, Evangelists, Shepherds, Teachers especially. These other gifts are greatly needed to establish and deepen the new works that the apostolic leader has started. Our post on the “Apostolic” covers some of the different functions of APEST leaders in a movement.

Many times a headstrong apostolic leader can butt heads with other types of leaders, especially shepherd/teachers who are particularly drawn to shepherd needs and grow maturity through teaching, which can feel slow to an apostolic leader. But a mature apostolic will be able to see their own limitations and know that Scripture teaches that we are all one body in need of each other (1 Corinthians 12). The apostolic really, really, really needs the other members of the body. A good way to see a ministry start quickly and burn out just as quickly is to leave it under the control of a fast-moving apostolic that never appoints other types of leaders to focus on health and depth.

Withdraw, Reflect, Listen, and Plan. With the apostolic leaders’ high proficiency, numerous responsibilities, and big vision, it’s likely that they will work themselves to the bone and straight to burnout. You as the Barnabas can play an intensely important role simply by reminding them and creating opportunities for them to do as Jesus did – withdraw to be with God (Luke 5:16). Many times, we’ll ask our partners to come meet us somewhere away from their place of ministry so that no one can knock the door down looking for them. We tell them to shut off their phone, and give them the first half of our time simply to rest and pray and spend time with God alone. We might spend the second half debriefing, hearing reports, training, and planning for future ministry, but our role is primarily to make space for them to rest in the Lord. In the whirlwind of busy ministry, the apostolic leader desperately needs to find the quiet space to reflect, listen to the voice of God, and plan and prioritize where they need to invest their limited time. These times are critical for them to evaluate and refine the vision they’ve received from God. When we cease to do this, we are doing ministry out of man’s power instead of God’s – and we’re guaranteed to fail one way or another.

Pulling our apostolic partners out of their ministry schedule for just a couple days of quiet, rest, and listening can make all the difference in seeing breakthrough in multiplication. But more than the strategic and ministry pieces, the apostolic leader desperately needs to focus on their intimacy and relationship and abiding with God. He cares so much more about our being than our doing. Allow them time and encourage them to hear from God for themselves and what He wants for them, not just the ministry.

Be a Friend and Encourager. Lastly, as the apostolic leader jumps into an emerging and thriving ministry, the list of problems, crises, needs, difficult people, conflicts, and burdens increases exponentially. Any ministry, and certainly pioneering ministry, can be extremely isolating and lonely for leaders. Not many will understand what they’re going through.

They need to first and foremost surrender those things to the Lord and find their motivation and peace in him. And they need a friend. Someone to listen to their frustrations, to be thoughtful in loving them, to point them to Jesus, to encourage them to persevere.

There’s a reason why Barnabas was called the Encourager. What a role he had in encouraging, supporting, empowering Paul. Without Barnabas, we don’t get the book of Acts.

I think Paul could call Barnabas a lot of things – mentor, advocate, co-laborer. My guess is when I get to ask him, he’ll first call Barnabas his friend.

How to Develop an Apostolic Leader

All of the above things will be great for an apostolic leader’s development in learning through doing. But there’s other ways to help them understand more about the apostolic gift that God has given them and use it effectively.

Study the apostolic. There’s plenty to study in the New Testament about the apostolic gifting, function, and ministry – basically anything about who Paul is or what he does will be informative. The book of Acts reveals much about the pioneering aspect and his letters give more insight into his own development, perseverance, and heart in being an apostolic leader. If you’re able, we’d recommend diving into some of the resources we listed in the 5 essential elements post. The more you can understand what the original model of the apostolic gift looks like, the better we can imitate it. It can also be helpful to read books and biographies about other pioneering leaders.

Interact with other apostolic leaders. If you’re able to, interact with other apostolic leaders. It’s hard to describe this but an apostolic leader is probably more used to resistance, hesitance, rejection from others around them when they begin talking about big vision and multiplication. Others can feel intimidated by their intensity or just the scope of their work. But when they’re in a room with other apostolic leaders that they trust, there’s a freedom and an excitement in getting to talk to others who get you. Others who won’t frown at their big ideas but encourage them and share their own experiences and ideas. It can make them feel like they’re not crazy – at least when they’re in a room of people as crazy as they are!

A couple of disclaimers in this – just because someone is an apostolic leader doesn’t mean they don’t feel insecurity or deal with comparison. Naturally when apostolic leaders gather the focus will be on ministry. But it’s a smart idea to bring the focus on God. Highlighting shared experiences and sufferings will draw out vulnerability and increase trust before you start trucking ahead on ministry topics. Creating safety in the room before jumping in to discussing ministry can help the interaction. Secondly, although we’d encourage apostolics to interact with other apostolics, there can be some intense friction in working together. We’ve had mentors advise us that apostolic leaders can probably agree or work together at a high, 30,000 foot perspective (let’s generally share tools, or have a semi-frequent coaching meeting together, or strategically parse out people and places to focus), but can step on each others’ toes when working closely together. The apostolic leader probably wants some freedom to pursue their own ideas, and working with another highly opinionated, highly confident leader might cause some problems. This isn’t always the case but just something to be aware of.

Find apostolic mentors. This is similar to the previous point, but finding an older, more experienced apostolic leader to mentor you, especially in personal development, can be a gold mine. Hopefully this mentor has experienced and gone through many of the pitfalls and problems that an apostolic leader faces and you can learn from their wisdom. Again, the apostolic leader will want freedom to try new things on their own, but they also will value a mentor’s wisdom and shared understanding of their experiences.

Develop other leadership skills. Since the apostolic leader has so many functions in establishing a new work, it can be helpful for them to also develop leadership skills that will support their gifting. Clinton lists out several including strategy, planning, change agent, leadership styles, motivating, inspiring, mentoring, organizational skills, team building, identifying and developing leaders, and communication skills. Even though an apostolic leader may do these things intuitively, equipping them with skills and frameworks to boost their efficiency is a good idea. Or focusing on shoring up weaknesses that they may have like shepherding skills can be beneficial.

Develop intimacy with God. Whether as an apostolic yourself or in helping your apostolic partner – focus on developing intimacy with God. Learn to hear the voice of God for everyday direction and decision. Being surrendered to God is an essential element for an apostolic leader, so practice the process of surrendering and receiving from God. The pioneering ministry has an avalanche of challenges and trials that we’ve noted repeatedly. At times, Paul mentions feeling “so utterly burdened beyond our strength that we despaired of life itself” (2 Cor. 1:8). If God grants fruitful multiplying ministry, the challenges will also multiply accordingly.

Without this critical foundation of intimacy with Christ, the apostolic leader is guaranteed to fail. The Enemy is prowling to take out those that will greatly expand the Kingdom through isolation, sin, discouragement, and spiritual warfare of many kinds. Guard yourselves in His armor and through intimacy with Him. Fight to not allow ministry to become your idol. Fight to have Philippians 2 humility in the midst of ministry fruit.

It’s an example for all believers but especially the apostolic leader that we see Paul’s own dependence on the Lord grow over the years of his ministry, from being the least of the apostles (1 Cor. 15:9), to the least of the saints (Eph. 3:8), to the foremost of all sinners (1 Timothy 1:15). He constantly prioritized his intimacy with God, withdrawing to be with God as we see our Savior did.

If God’s pattern throughout Scripture and history is to raise up apostolic leaders to pioneer the least reached people and places for His glory, then there are people He has prepared in your field.

I firmly believe there are in- or near-culture believers that He intends to use to finish the Great Commission. If you’re reading this, and you have the heart to find these modern-day “Pauls,”’ then I believe you can be a Barnabas to them. Ask the Holy Spirit, have a heart to serve, have eyes to see these people, and He will lead you to them. Remember, it only takes one.

I’ll finish this series with an exhortation to the apostolic leader reading this or the Barnabas who will empower a national apostolic leader. Sometimes we feel the temptation to cut corners or skip over inconvenient things or treat people unlovingly in pursuit of the big vision. And we use the defense – “those people don’t understand us” or “it’s worth it to see more multiplication” or something of the sort.

Apostolic gifting without apostolic character produces apostolic malfunction.

Steve U.

What’s really happening is that ministry success and numbers and fruit have become our idol. Being overly busy is a badge of pride instead of a warning indicator that we are allowing our doing to overcome our being with Jesus. Increased isolation or surrounding ourselves with only others who enable us is explained off as being a contrarian, a pioneer, a barrier breaker instead of the truth that we’re not willing to humble ourselves and submit to a group of brothers and sisters in Christ.

Scripture is abundantly clear – the ends of ministry don’t justify the means. Being an apostolic leader doesn’t give us license to trample people, to steal and extract sheep, to be disingenuous about ministry numbers, to ignore clear discipleship and maturity problems in pursuit of the more and the faster. Unfortunately, we’ve seen apostolic leaders pursuing movement do these types of things repeatedly. I won’t attempt to judge their hearts, but there often is not a humility to even admit to these things or correct them. The very thing we claim to be effective at in catalyzing movements, the apostolic gift, becomes a testimony against the ministry we are doing and against ourselves.

Matthew 7 has a haunting statement from Jesus, that “on that day, many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not do… many mighty works in your name?’ And then I will declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart from me, you workers of lawlessness.’”

My prayer for myself and to others reading this – 

May we keep our hearts tender before the Lord. 
May we always mirror the character and heart of Jesus to others in pursuing big vision for him. 
May we not twist the gift He has given to us for our own personal and selfish gain. 
May we not allow ministry to become an idol that keeps us from worshipping Jesus.

I’d recommend Andrew Murray’s books Humility and Absolute Surrender as regular reads to help us check our hearts. And about this specific topic of losing our way in pursuing movement, I highly recommend my friend David’s book, How to Pursue Great Works without Losing Your Soul.

Every believer, every gift can be used towards completing the Great Commission, but I believe that He means to use those with the apostolic gift as first in sequence to pioneer. My hope is that these few at the tip of the spear could be surrendered to Jesus and become who God has called them to be, leading to multiplying movements among the remaining unreached peoples and places of the world.

The world has yet to see what God can do through a man [or woman] who is totally yielded to Him.

Henry Varley

In our last two posts, we’ve defined what the “apostolic” is, and 5 essential elements of an apostolic leader. An apostolic leader needs to have all 5 elements of big vision, risking faith, foundation setting, leader developer, and surrender to God.

If you can find a clearly apostolically gifted, mature, national believer to partner with, that’s awesome! But, someone that gifted and experienced will likely already have many ministry responsibilities and it may take time to build trust with that leader in order to partner.

However, we are often looking for leaders with latent apostolic giftings that have not yet fully emerged. For one, I think apostolic leaders are relatively rare – there’s no research around this but talking to other CPM practitioners, generally the number is <10% of believers, if not <5%. Secondly, a fully mature apostolic leader is rarely available.

It may feel like trying to find the proverbial needle in a haystack. But our encouragement is this: It only takes one.

All it takes is one national ‘Paul,’ with the vision, faith, giftings, and surrender to catalyze a movement that will change the trajectory of a nation.

In the early 2000s, the president of Campus Crusade in Thailand, Pastor Nok, used his significant influence to gather 80% of the pastors in Thailand in a Congress to ask the question, “What will it take to complete the Great Commission in Thailand?” From that, they formed the National Plan to see the gospel go to every district and village in Thailand. The churches that our team currently work with came through introductions from leaders within the National Plan.

I asked one ex-pat worker who knew Pastor Nok well, “What is his story? How did he come to faith?” He told me that Pastor Nok was the first Thai Cru staff ever, and that he was led to faith by one American Cru staff member named Chip, who only managed to win and disciple one Thai person to faith in 10 years in Thailand. That was Pastor Nok.

It only takes one.

But how do you find that one? How do you discern if they have the elements to be an apostolic, multiplying leader? What do you do with them to develop them and help their gifting and vision emerge?

Barnabas: Recognizing Hidden Apostolic Potential

Out of anyone in Scripture, Paul was perhaps the most unlikely candidate to be transformed and used by Jesus for his purposes. Often the apostolic leader may emerge from the most unexpected of places. Barnabas saw the latent giftings in Paul – that he had a miraculous transformation from a persecutor of Christians to a chosen instrument to bring the gospel to the Gentiles (Acts 9:15), that he immediately and boldly shared the gospel with the Jews in the synagogue (Acts 9:20), and that he needed an advocate before the disciples in Jerusalem that didn’t trust him (Acts 9:27). Eventually, Barnabas spends a year with Paul in Antioch discipling others (Acts 11:26), likely identifying and developing Paul’s strengths, before the Holy Spirit sets them aside for the first journey in Acts 13.

When everyone else saw Paul’s evil background, Barnabas saw his new transformation and calling.

When everyone else didn’t trust who Paul said he was, Barnabas advocated for his faithfulness.

When opportunities arose for new ministry, Barnabas went to recruit Paul, developing his giftings and maturity.

And when the Holy Spirit called them to be set apart to start a new work in new places, Barnabas was beside Paul as he stepped fully into his giftings as an apostle.

We need to be like Barnabas, to have the eyes to see the potential in latent apostolic leaders, and the ears to hear from the Holy Spirit how to help them fulfill their calling.

Indicators of an Emerging Apostolic Leader

When we are looking for these apostolic leaders, we are certainly checking for the 5 essential elements. We’ll ask them questions like, what is your vision? How did you come to faith? What does your ministry look like? What obstacles are you running into? And we’re listening for big vision, willingness to risk, methods that look like multiplication or at least are different from the norm, leaders that they’ve developed, and signs of surrender. But a latent apostolic leader may not have had the chance to step into pioneering ministry, and therefore may not yet exhibit some of these elements. Apart from directly evaluating these 5 elements, we’ve observed some other hints of someone having an underlying apostolic gifting.

They don’t need to have all of these indicators, and just having one doesn’t mean that they are certainly apostolic leaders. But if you see some of these, it may be worth building trust and listening to the Holy Spirit about helping these leaders emerge into their calling and gifting.

Black Sheep – Often, latent apostolic leaders can be seen as black sheep that don’t fit the mold of their church. Other words could be non-conformist, oddball, contrarian. They are still part of the flock, still a sheep, but different from the rest. Sometimes church leaders don’t know what to do with this person who rocks the boat and may have a lot of new ideas that others aren’t willing to do. Whenever someone in Thailand tells me that another believer is interesting / weird / eccentric / not like the others – my radar immediately pops up. The latent apostolic leader is dissatisfied with the status quo, and it can cause friction with people in the church because their drive and desire is to pioneer, though they may not have personally clarified that vision yet.

Failed Entrepreneurs / Not Afraid to Start Things / Flexible Methodology – “failed entrepreneurs” was often a phrase that we were coached to look for in identifying apostolic leaders. That desire to set foundations, without a clear vision of their calling, can result in starting a lot of new businesses, ministries, and start ups. This boldness and risk-taking demeanor could be indicators of an apostolic leader. When we meet new leaders, we also want to see if they’re willing to be flexible in their methods or if they’re strongly tied to some kind of program or curriculum. If they’re willing to try new things to pioneer, that’s a good sign. If they’re wanting to simply grow their own ministry flavor, we would probably move on.

Anointed / Fruitful – Even before Paul started on his missionary journeys, he was faithfully sharing and discipling in Damascus, Jerusalem, and Antioch. He boldly and powerfully proclaimed the gospel and made disciples. Many times, we can meet a person that is saying all the right things – that they’re excited about multiplication, that they have a vision to pioneer – but the fruit of their lives doesn’t reflect that at all. It could be that they’ve never been empowered or equipped, and then there is an opportunity to help them live out that vision. But often, there is a lot of exciting talk without the actual faithfulness and fruitfulness indicative of a leader that God desires to use. Given the choice between someone who says the right things versus someone who has the fruitfulness of disciples and a godly life, I am taking the latter every time.

Character Immaturities – I’d imagine Paul was pretty rough around the edges when he first came to faith. Although he was certainly humbled by his Damascus road experience, there was still much of his old life – the prideful, highly positioned, well-known persecutor of Christians – that needed to be transformed. Though some of the disciples in Acts 9 were afraid of Paul, Barnabas came and advocated for him, eventually recruiting him and developing him into the minister to the Gentiles that he was called to be.

Similarly, a developing apostolic leader probably has some character immaturities that might be signs of opportunity. Sinclair says “self confidence, overassertiveness, and independence” along with stubbornness and overcontrol could be some character issues that an immature apostolic might struggle with. Miley adds impatience and being overextended in their commitments. You can see in these developing leaders the innate vision, passion, and drive to accomplish great things for God, but without the humility, testedness, and surrender needed for them to succeed. 

An immature apostolic has probably had many people in their church exhort them in their impatience and roughness, probably almost condescendingly so – “you’re young so you don’t get how things work.” “It’s nice that you have big goals and new ideas but we have to be realistic.” Increasingly they can balk against authority because of their internal conviction and what the Spirit is stirring up. When someone validates the vision they’ve received as well as challenges them to grow in their leadership to meet that vision, we’ve seen apostolic leaders respond with eagerness. There is a great opportunity for a Barnabas-type leader to say, “I see the potential in you and love your vision. I’d love to walk alongside you to help you grow in your ministry and your walk with God to see those things happen.”

Jack of All Trades / Multi-Gifted – For a yet developing apostolic that has started some new ministry, you may see that they are at least competent, if not gifted, to do many different types of ministry – evangelism, leader development, teaching, shepherding, mercy, administration, etc. In the pioneering environment, it may be necessary for an apostolic leader to play a lot of roles to get things started and God empowers them to do so. But the opposite pitfall for a multi-gifted leader is to hold on to control because they are so competent at so many things. Which leads us to…

Releasing Authority – The apostolic leader is willing and quick to release authority. As new disciples grow in their maturity and gifts, the apostolic leader is quick to empower every disciple to step into their authority to make disciples and serve God. Over control by leaders is a major barrier to multiplication. Apostolic leaders understand that they will play an important role of spiritual parent to many leaders, but they are also active in helping disciples step out in faith to grow in their dependence on God. If a leader expresses too much hesitation in letting disciples take simple steps of obedience like sharing the gospel or leading a discovery Bible study without them, that could be a barrier.

In coaching movement practitioners, identifying a national partner with apostolic gifting is one of the most complex and difficult parts of the process and something we get the most questions about. How do I know if it’s worth investing in this person? Should I spend more time with person A or person B?

Going out to share the gospel takes boldness but it’s relatively simple and straightforward – people are interested to know more about Jesus or they aren’t. But getting to know believers, building relationship with them, navigating language and culture, discerning their words, their actions, their vision, and their character is an art, not a science. It takes a lot of prayer, getting to know people, trying new things, and failing forward repeatedly before you might find someone. Sometimes, we’ve partnered with people for 3, 4, 5 years before it becomes evident that they are missing an essential element of an apostolic leader. And that’s OK. We don’t think of that time as wasted, but as time invested in trying to find a pioneering leader and learning what that might look like in our culture and mistakes to avoid. It’s also never a waste of time investing in local believers to grow in their disciple-making.

Hopefully, knowing the 5 essential elements and some of the potential indicators of a latent apostolic leader will help you in the process. Some practitioners we know met their apostolic partner in their first ever training – hooray for them, really. We were relatively fortunate and found our partner after about 3 years of ministry, 5 years in country. Some people we know took 10 years and hundreds of trainings and relationships to find their partner. It’s up to the timing of the Lord.

But remember – it only takes one.

Reflection Questions

1. Do you have a personal bias toward or against any of these indicators? Why?
2. Consider the local believers that you know. Do any of them display these indicators or essential elements?
3. Do you know local believers that seem to “say the right things” but lack demonstrated faithfulness and fruitfulness? Why do you suppose that is? How should you continue to engage with this believer?
4. Where are some networks or communities that you could build relationships to get to know potential apostolic leaders?

“Effective leaders increasingly perceive their ministries in terms of a lifetime perspective.“

The Making of a Leader by J. Robert Clinton helps spiritual leaders understand God’s process of developing them over a course of a lifetime. Clinton draws principles from the lives of Biblical and ministry leaders in history, breaking each leaders’ journey into 5 phases – sovereign foundations, inner-life growth, ministry maturing, life maturing, and convergence. Each chapter provides reflection questions and tools to help you identify key points in your leadership development journey. We especially appreciate Clinton’s breakdown of spiritual giftings as they relate to ministry.

This book was instrumental in helping us identify different events that God has used in our own lives to develop our character, skills, and calling. Overall, we highly recommend this book for leaders who want to understand their development process and discern how they can continue growing in the ways that God has been moving in their lives.

“God is working primarily in the leader, not through them. Many emerging leaders don’t recognize this and become frustrated. They are constantly evaluating productivity and activities, while God is quietly evaluating their leadership potential. He wants to teach us that we minister out of who we are.”

This content was co-written with my friend LB who previously served as a team leader in East Asia and is currently serving in member care.

In the previous post, I shared about my leadership journey and the unique internal tension I felt about being a woman leader in ministry and on the mission field. Though I felt called and affirmed by God to step into leadership on our team in Thailand, I also continually struggled with doubt, anxiety, fear, and anger. While it was easy for me to blame these feelings on outside circumstances or people, I eventually came to the difficult conclusion that many (if not the majority) of my tensions were self-generated.

When God calls someone into leadership, he is primarily concerned with that person’s character and heart. Who we are is just as important to God as what we do for him. A person could learn every leadership development framework or tool, but without a heart freed from lies and filled with the identity found in Christ, their leadership will never reach its fullest potential.

In this post, I will focus on the most common ways that women leaders (including myself!) sabotage ourselves in the secret places of our inner lives and hearts. Before we can even begin to address external barriers or specific contexts, we want to always start by looking inward. While this list could also apply to men, I have noticed women in particular tend to struggle with these areas. Research suggests that one reason for this comes from gender-role stereotypes, which means that our social understanding and expectations of what it means to be a leader coincides more with an expression of male leadership than female leadership. Because of this, women leaders find they often need to navigate through unspoken rules and expectations that society does not necessarily place on men. For example, male leaders who speak up are applauded as confident and assertive, but women who speak up can often be labeled as “bossy” or “pushy.” So we often end up adopting self-sabotaging mindsets and behaviors as a way to cope (Playing By the Rules, 12).

As you read through these examples, ask the Holy Spirit to highlight any you may struggle with and ask how He might help you find freedom.

Imposter Syndrome

A few years ago, Steven and I were invited to a meeting of other team leaders around the world to discuss strategic ways to onboard and train new missionaries. Those attending, mostly men, seated themselves at the multiple tables in a large conference room, but I hung back paralyzed about where I was supposed to sit. It felt like the middle school cafeteria all over again! 

All the women in the room, mostly stay at home moms who were not involved in their teams or in ministry, fit around one single table. Do I shrink over to the women’s table, simply there as “Steven’s wife?” Or do I join the tables with the other men and get to talk about ministry?

Would they acknowledge me as a leader?

I ended up shuffling over to the table of women and sitting with them. Because discussions were organized by table, I ended up not being able to participate in any of the discussions as my table was assumed to be non-participants. After the meetings, Steven asked me, “why didn’t you sit at the main tables? You have just as much experience and just as much to say as anyone else here.” I felt ashamed by this question, because what Steven said was true! I did have experience as a leader and had unique things to contribute. But instead of trusting that God had called me to be a leader and to bring my unique perspective, I chose to hide (literally!) and diminished my own voice.

What Is It: Imposter syndrome is a feeling of unworthiness tied to our self identity, particularly in leadership spaces. Kate Coleman describes imposter syndrome as “…profound feelings of self-doubt and pervasive feelings of being unqualified” (7 Deadly Sins of Women in Leadership, 7). In a 2020 KPMG study of 750 female executive leaders, 75% reported regularly experiencing imposter syndrome, mostly because they never expected they would ever attain such a position. In that same study, over half of the participants revealed a fear that they would never meet expectations. 

We can experience imposter syndrome for a variety of reasons, from societal messaging that presents men as ideal leaders, the roles we played in our families, or our own lack of self esteem, just to name a few. Deb Liu, CEO of Ancestry.com, elaborates on why women tend to experience imposter syndrome more – “this feeling is even more acute when you are ‘the only,’ someone who doesn’t look like everyone else. You feel singled out. You are not only being judged on your merits but also feel the weight of being different (Take Back Your Power, 63).” Many times, women leaders are the only women in the leadership room. It can be hard to feel like you belong when no one else looks like you.

What Impostor Syndrome Looks Like: The way we display impostor syndrome can take a multitude of forms. Here are some of the ways I have seen it play out for myself and other women leaders: 

• Inauthenticity or “shrinking to fit” – pretending to be the ideal person who actually belongs in the leadership role and becoming less of your authentic self. Changing yourself to match the archetype of who actually fits.
• Fear of taking risks or of volunteering for assignments that carry a risk of failure.
• Inability to take feedback well. Constructive feedback will feel like a confirmation of all your insecurities and positive feedback will feel like a lie.
• Inability to ask for help for fear of revealing that you don’t have everything together, and isolating to make sure no one finds you out. 

Underlying Beliefs: When we experience impostor syndrome, common messages we tell ourselves may sound like, “I’m not good / smart / talented / liked / experienced enough. I don’t belong in leadership because I don’t look or sound like other leaders. Everyone, including God, was wrong to think that I might have something to contribute because they don’t know who I really am. I have to hide who I really am from everyone else or else they all will be disappointed.” 

How Jesus Addresses Impostor Syndrome: We must battle the lies of impostor syndrome with the truth of who Jesus says we are. The Bible says that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us (Romans 5:8-9). Jesus fully knows who we are and he chose to love us, save us, and adopt us into his family. Not only that, he has given you a leadership assignment and good works that only you can do (Ephesians 2:10). He promises to finish the good work of sanctification that he started in us (Philippians 1:6). And in fact, you are not a fraud because the Bible says that you are a new creation (2 Corinthians 5:21) and a royal priest (1 Peter 2)! 

When we believe the lies of impostor syndrome, we reject the identity that Christ died to purchase for us. We defy God’s vision of who he wants us to be and replace it with a lesser identity based on our fears and insecurities. But you don’t need to change yourself into a certain kind of person to “belong in the room”, or shrink back from faithful risk-taking in your leadership. God knows who you are and desires for you to lead as you are.

Application: If you find yourself falling into impostor syndrome in your leadership, here are some things you can do.

• Memorize scripture about your identity. Remember your leadership call and find confidence in your identity from Jesus first. Remember that if Jesus was the one who called you to leadership, then you absolutely belong in the room because he was the one who placed you there. 
• Know and celebrate what you bring to the table, as well as what you don’t. This helps you to portray your authentic leadership, and also keeps us from drifting into pretending to be who we are not. Find mentors and peers who you trust to guide and speak truthfully to you about who you are and to help you not deviate towards pretending. 
• Learn to accept feedback and mistakes gracefully, without shame or over apologizing. All leaders have weaknesses, and we miss out on crucial development when we are terrified of constructive feedback.

Desiring the Approval of Man over God

Early on in our team, I led a girl who was very talented in the ministry work but struggled with anger. We were good friends and I knew where these struggles had come from and that she wasn’t intentionally trying to hurt people with her sharp comments. However, though it was my job to manage and develop her, I found myself often pulling my punches. I withheld feedback and made excuses for her behavior (despite often being on the receiving end of her frustration) because I feared hurting her feelings, making her dislike me, or of having to deal with the fallout that might come my way if I did share what I truly thought. I prioritized winning her approval – or avoiding her disapproval – over being faithful to do or say what I knew the Lord was asking me to do in order to lead her well.

What is it: Desiring man’s approval is the act of placing others before God in your life. This includes being afraid of someone, holding someone in too high esteem, being controlled or mastered by people, putting excessive trust in people, or needing people to fill needs that God should fulfill.

What Needing Man’s Approval Over God Looks Like: 

• Needing constant validation from people – our leaders, those we lead, peers, family, anyone! When it’s not received, we can shut down in despair, or try to hunt for it in the form of attention seeking. It might look like fixating on trying to guess what other people are thinking of you.
• Needing man’s approval leads to people pleasing behavior. When we people please, we change ourselves to match other peoples’ expectations, thus affecting our ability to say “no” or to have proper boundaries with others. We may deprioritize our own responsibilities, ideals, or values in order to not rock the boat. But over time, this may cause us to feel like we are compromising ourselves in order to maintain approval. 
• Fear of making decisions and being held responsible for those decisions. Leaders often will be the lone voice or final decision maker for a team, and this is a daunting and heavy responsibility. It is almost impossible to make everyone happy all the time, and people who struggle with approval will have trouble trusting their own perspectives and logic enough to confidently own the responsibility or repercussions of their decisions.

Underlying Beliefs: My value / security / protection is found in how people perceive me. I am not enough and need affirmation that only other people can give me. God’s approval of me is not enough or not guaranteed.

How Jesus Addresses Fear of Man: When we struggle with a need for the approval of man over God, we forget that we are called to love and fear God above all else. When we love God first, we find that he is perfect, deserving, and the safest person to anchor our value and security on (Proverbs 29:25). We cannot call ourselves a servant of Christ if we value man’s approval over God’s (Galatians 1:10). His is the only approval that matters. From there, we find hope in the things God says of us. God loves us so much that he invites us to enjoy the fullness of union with Christ (John 15:1-10). How could God disapprove of us when we are one with the Son, who is absolutely approved of by the Father? We are valued, seen, and secure in God, and so we have freedom from needing it from fallible and imperfect people.

Application: 

• Have mentors and peers who you can consult and process with in your leadership decisions, and who you can trust to give you loving and trustworthy feedback.
• Know your triggers for when you start falling into patterns of approval seeking from people. In what situations and with whom do you start to dwell on what people are thinking of you? In what situations and with whom do you find yourself assuming peoples’ expectations or  intentions? Who can you never disappoint? 
• Plan well before meetings where you will have to make decisions, especially those with people whose approval you seek. What are you there to say? What are your non-negotiables, limits, and requests? Pause before saying “yes” and take 1 minute to assess your motives. If you say yes, what is the cost? 
• If you are hesitant to give feedback or to say hard things, consider what the cost of not saying something might be. In many cases, leaders are the only ones with the visibility into a person’s life and authority to be able to speak in, and our silence may rob a person we lead of critical development. 

These two internal barriers both come from not viewing ourselves rightly compared to how God sees us. When we judge our own value based off of things like other people’s opinions or societal stereotypes of what a leader should be or look like, we will often compromise ourselves to fit. We shrink back from risks and acts of faith that are required for bold leaders. This deeply saddens the heart of God, as he doesn’t see us or value us through any of those lenses. Instead, he desires that we would embrace fully the way he has created us and lead out of a confidence that our value is found in Christ alone!

Processing Questions

• Are internal barriers preventing you from stepping into greater influence or leadership?
• What are some internal barriers that keep you from being the leader God has called you to be? 
• Where do your internal barriers come from? How have you seen them play out in your life?
• How does God see you today? What are some truths from scripture that can help you remember this? 

In the second part of internal barriers for women in leadership, we’ll address two other significant topics – perfectionism and shame in our emotions.

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In the last couple of posts, we’ve heard from some guest contributors about who Barnabas was from the Bible and what he did to find and partner with Paul to catalyze multiplication in the 1^st Century. This gives us some foundational principles about who we should try to embody as we approach Being Barnabas in pursuing movements.

From here, we’ll start to walk through the different stages of finding and partnering with a National Apostolic Visionary (NAV). But before we start with what to do, we need to focus on who we’re looking for. We’ll start with breaking down the term, and then look at some characteristics of a NAV.

“National” (or “Near Culture”)

Firstly, the movement leader needs to be a near-culture or cultural insider. So we can use the word ‘national,’ but ‘near-culture’ also works – the NAV may come from another country that is in the same region and has a similar cultural background. We’ve touched on the importance of why the key leader should be a cultural insider in previous posts, but it boils down to the reality that the vast majority of movements are started and led by national or near culture leaders with the support and coaching of outsiders.

However, if we think about ‘why’ this might be the case, there are a few different reasons. Among the unreached, outsider workers, especially from the West, have very little credibility as messengers of the gospel. Language and culture are also significant barriers in our ability to communicate the gospel in a contextually appropriate way.

However, as the church has grown in the global South and globalization allows for increased international travel, Christian workers from the West can have an inherent credibility in training and providing resources to churches in the global South. Where we lack credibility in sharing the gospel in an unreached context, we are generally welcomed by the growing church to help train and influence – provided we can gain trust.

To me, this is highly encouraging! It means that God has selected believers from their own people groups to lead the advancement of the Kingdom, and it means that we as outsiders can have a role in partnering with, training, coaching, and empowering those national leaders.

“Apostolic”

The term ‘apostolic’ can bring about a lot of different opinions and even different emotions, depending on where you land theologically. However, movement practitioners largely agree that it is national leaders with the apostolic gifting that are most commonly the ones that catalyze movements. At the very least, you’re probably looking to partner with someone that has a strong ‘APE’ gifting (Apostolic / Prophetic / Evangelistic) in order to get a new disciple-making and church planting multiplication ministry started.

We plan to do a longer post in the future about the word ‘apostolic,’ but for the purposes of understanding what to look for in a NAV, we’ll point to 4 aspects of the apostolic gifting that we’re looking for in a NAV. These are compiled from a few different resources about the apostolic gifting, as well as trying to investigate from the Word. We’ll list a few of those resources at the bottom of the post.

Vision – firstly, they have received big vision from God. At the very least, it is vision that goes beyond growing their own church. When we met Mint and asked her what her vision is, she felt called to bring the gospel to Laos and wanted to see multiplication happen throughout northeast Thailand and Laos. Another NAV that we work with in southern Thailand said, “I want to see 1 million Muslims follow Jesus in my lifetime.” That seems to fit the bill!

Faith – They have the faith to believe that God will complete this vision and use them towards that big vision. This might feel redundant, but we’ve seen plenty of people be drawn to big vision or even create big ideas, but lack the faith to believe God wants to use them in this and therefore do not pursue the vision wholeheartedly. Those with the apostolic gift will have both the vision and the faith to pursue it.

Systems and Structures – Clinton describes the function of the apostolic as “a special leadership capacity to move with authority from God to create new ministry structures and to develop and appoint leadership in these structures.” In particular, we think that those with the apostolic gifting pioneer new ministries, specifically in the context of unreached church planting and disciple making. There may be pioneers who set up new structures within the local church or in an orphanage ministry, which is great, but we believe the apostolic gift is one that is primarily used among the unreached. It reflects Paul’s apostolic passion in Romans 15:20, to go where there is no foundation. In setting up new systems and structures, the apostolic leader may for a time act as a ‘jack of all trades,’ leading out in evangelism and teaching and shepherding – whatever is needed to establish this new pioneering ministry. As the ministry moves towards maturity, it’s better and healthier for the apostolic to then release the ongoing growth of the ministry to the other leadership giftings, especially the shepherds/teachers.

Leaders – Lastly, the apostolically gifted leader is able to recruit, develop, and release leaders. They understand that leaders are critical in starting and multiplying a new ministry, and will constantly have a lens of raising up new leaders to take over responsibilities that the NAV has started or to pioneer new areas under the NAV’s leadership. Young leaders will be attracted to the NAV’s life, ministry, vision, and character, and want to follow them.

These 4 aspects are what seem to come up consistently in various writings about the apostolic gift as well as our own personal experience. But a few others things might be indicators of an apostolic leader:

• Apostolic leaders most likely won’t keep to the status quo. The vision that God has given them will result in some discontentment if the group they’re with or the current role they have isn’t pursuing that vision wholeheartedly. As a result, these apostolic leaders could stick out as a little weird or be known as a ‘black sheep’ of sorts.
• Apostolic leaders are not afraid to fail forward and start new things. One CPM practitioner told us to look for ‘failed business entrepreneurs,’ as that could be an indicator of their willingness to fail forward and pioneer that needs to be directed towards a God-given vision and ministry.
• God has clearly been moving in their lives. Whether in the story of how they came to faith, or in the ways that the Lord has been refining them to step into ministry, there is a clear pattern of the Lord’s hand on their lives that can be an indicator of Him preparing them for a significant work ahead.

“Visionary”

Lastly, at the risk of being redundant, a NAV is a visionary leader. They have the big vision and the faith to pursue it like we mentioned in the apostolic section. They’re also surrendered to God and willing to do anything – to sacrifice, to fail, to pioneer – in order to pursue that vision. As with the ‘leaders’ section of the apostolic gifting, the visionary leader is able to influence others – sometimes large numbers of people – towards a vision of multiplication.

Now that we have more clarity on the different aspects of the term National Apostolic Visionary, we’ll look at some additional characteristics of a NAV that we’re looking to partner with in pursuing movements.

Flexible Methodology

A NAV that we want to partner with will have openness to try different methodologies of church planting and disciple-making. I don’t think that CPM practitioners can have a monopoly on the apostolic gifting (although we may prefer to!); there may be apostolic leaders that you meet that God has called to pursue a different type of ministry than CPM. And that’s OK! But it may not be the right timing for you to partner with them until they’re open to try a movement methodology. If they’re locked in and committed to a different type of ministry methodology, we will continue to keep the relationship open and even vision cast towards trying something new in hopes that they might be open at a later time, but we won’t partner with them until we know they’re willing to pursue a movement approach.

Surrendered to God

Lastly, we’re looking for a NAV that we partner with to be surrendered to God. Even if a national leader has what looks like apostolic gifts and a big vision, if they have major areas of their lives that are not submitted to God or still need to grow, then they may not be ready for us to jump in fully and partner with them in catalyzing movements. This can look like major distractions with their time, like other ministries, family issues, debt, or character issues. Ultimately, if these things are not addressed in submission to God, they will end up being barriers to the national leader moving forward in the work. Or possibly even worse, some of the work will get started under their leadership and then be wiped out when these issues come back to bite them. Even Paul, after his conversion on the road to Damascus, had a significant amount of time where his convictions, character, and skills needed to be honed before he and Barnabas are ultimately set aside by the Holy Spirit to begin the first journey.

Does Paul Fit the NAV Definition?

Speaking of Paul, the whole point of the Be Barnabas approach is to find a national “Paul,” an insider who God has chosen to catalyze and lead movements where the gospel has not yet gone. So does Paul fit the NAV definition we’ve listed above?

National – The intent of the term ‘national’ has to do with the NAV being a cultural insider, able to contextualize the gospel and whatever the movement needs with fewer limits than a cultural outsider. In this sense, and in a literal sense as Paul was a Roman citizen (Acts 16:37), Paul was uniquely situated to contextualize the gospel to Jews, Greeks, and to Romans. As Paul famously notes in 1 Corinthians 9:

To those outside the law I became as one outside the law (not being outside the law of God but under the law of Christ) that I might win those outside the law. To the weak I became weak, that I might win the weak. I have become all things to all people, that by all means I might save some. I do it all for the sake of the gospel, that I may share with them in its blessings.

1 Corinthians 9:20-23

Paul is clear about his legitimacy as a Jew (Phil. 3:5-6), who was from Tarsus which was well-known as a center of Greek learning and who writes his epistles in Greek, and he also leverages his Roman citizenship to appeal to authorities on his journeys in Acts 22:26-28. We see Paul contextualize his gospel message depending on the audience, reasoning with the Jews in the synagogue in Thessalonica from the Scriptures (Acts 17:1-4), or conversing with the philosophers in Athens and in the Areopagus (Acts 17:16-34) out of his cultural understanding of these varied contexts.

Apostolic – This is very obviously a yes. More than having the apostolic gifting, Scripture makes it clear that Paul is THE Apostle to the Gentiles, as Paul calls himself that in Romans 11:13. We see in Acts and in the epistles that Paul also more than fits the other criteria.

We’ll address vision and faith under the ‘Visionary’ section below. As for systems and structures, along with leaders, we can see in Acts and the epistles the gifting Paul has to set up the early church to thrive and multiply. He raises up local leaders as well as an apostolic band of leaders, sending letters and leaders to and from different key cities to address various issues in the churches, bring encouragement and vision to the believers, and manage the first Century movement in 6 distinct cities and regions through word of mouth and written letters!

Visionary – Paul’s vision and faith to be used to reach the Gentiles and those who have never heard is the clear example of the apostolic leader that we are looking for!

For I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me to bring the Gentiles to obedience—by word and deed, by the power of signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of God—so that from Jerusalem and all the way around to Illyricum I have fulfilled the ministry of the gospel of Christ; and thus I make it my ambition to preach the gospel, not where Christ has already been named, lest I build on someone else’s foundation.

Romans 15:18-20

Flexible Methodology – As we can see in the different strategies that Paul uses in Acts, Paul uses a variety of methodologies to reach different peoples in a pioneering context. Whether he went first to the synagogue to win near-culture Jews and God-fearing Jews to follow Christ, cast out demons and healed people through signs and wonders, or reasoned with philosophers, Paul was clearly not tied to a single method, but willing to do whatever it took to win some.

Surrendered to God – Lastly, we could pick a dozen verses to illustrate Paul’s surrender to God. But perhaps none exemplify it more than his words in Philippians 3. 

Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death, that by any means possible I may attain the resurrection from the dead.

Philippians 3:8–11

As DL Moody said, “The world has yet to see what God can do with a man fully consecrated to him.” I might propose that we have seen the result in the Apostle Paul. May we find and advocate for many more National Apostolic Visionary leaders like him!

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We realize that other CPM practitioners may or may not agree with these characteristics, or have ones that they’d like to add, and that’s great! Identifying and partnering with NAVs is definitely not an exact science, but these are the aspects that have consistently come to the top for us in reading the Word, learning from CPM literature, talking to CPM practitioners, and in our own personal experience. The term NAV, the related characteristics, and the following posts about how to filter for NAVs are simply meant to be a helpful tool for goers to begin looking for catalytic leaders that will multiply among the unreached.

In the next few posts, we’ll walk through the various stages of how a goer can begin to filter and find a NAV to partner with. We’ll introduce the NAV Scoreboard, which will help you evaluate these different aspects of a NAV in the process of filtering.

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Resources on the Apostolic Gifting:

Leadership Commentaries by Robert Clinton (has a variety of articles on the apostolic gift, process, ministry)
Loving the Church, Blessing the Nations by George Miley (Chapters 9-12)
A Vision of the Possible by Daniel Sinclair
The Permanent Revolution: Apostolic Imagination and Practice for the 21st Century by Alan Hirsch and Tim Catchim

Leadership Foundations Part 2: Why Are Leaders Needed?

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In the last two posts of the Leadership Foundations series, we covered the definition of leadership and some leadership principles, and answered the question – Why are leaders needed?

In this post, we’ll explore a question that many aspiring leaders ask: how do I know if I’m a leader? What does discerning a role of leadership in missions look like?

Discerning is a Process

Discerning whether God is calling you to be a leader is a process and shouldn’t be taken lightly or done too quickly. Many times on overseas field teams and in ministry in general, there is a ‘next man up’ view of leadership, meaning that whoever is available to be the leader will be regardless of calling, gifting, capacity, or character. The benefit of this reality is that there are many opportunities for leadership overseas because of the great need for leaders among the unreached – many leaders may need to return from the field for a variety of reasons (health, conflict, visas, etc.). The downside for this ‘next man (or woman) up’ view is that there can be very little discernment, clarity, preparation, or support for people who find themselves in a leadership role all of a sudden. This can lead to missed expectations, disappointment, and burnout for the leader and their team – and then, it’s the next next man up, perpetuating a cycle of poor leadership transitions and unprepared leaders.

In many biblical leaders’ lives, there is a process of testing, discernment, and development that God uses to help those leaders grow into the person that is prepared to lead, and for that leader to gain clarity and confidence in the role of leadership that God is calling them to. Between the time that David is anointed by Samuel to become King at around age 15, and when he is actually crowned as King at age 30, David endures 15 years of continuing as a shepherd, fighting Goliath, becoming one of Saul’s commanders, and even running for his life from Saul. During that time, I’m sure David may have asked himself the question, “Am I really supposed to be King?” Through all the testing and trial, God solidified David’s confidence in his calling to be King, as well as developed him into the person he needed to be God-glorifying in that role. Similarly, Paul had 13 years between his conversion on the road to Damascus where Jesus tells him that he is the “chosen instrument” to bring the Gospel to the Gentiles, and when he is sent out with Barnabas from Antioch on the first missionary journey. This time was filled with testing (Paul had to escape persecution), development, and discernment as well. For the record, we’re not saying it will take over a decade for you to discern whether you’re a leader, but just wanted to provide some biblical examples of the discernment / development process that God has many leaders go through before they step into the position of leadership.

In our opinion, your calling towards field leadership should be as solid as your calling to go overseas. The burden and responsibility of leadership can be as challenging, if not moreso, than the stressors of cross-cultural life and ministry. If this is true, then your calling towards leadership, and your preparation towards it, should be considered and pursued with intention!

Questions For Discernment

Here are some aspects to consider in your discernment for your preparedness and calling as a leader:

1. Have you been leading? How did that go, and where do you have room to grow? Have you ever led – anything? Experience leading in ministry settings would be great – this could include the welcome team at church on Sundays or a small group or a discipleship group. Even in non-ministry settings, have you ever been a leader on your sports team or in your workplace? How was your experience of leading – did people follow you? What was good and bad about that?
   
   If you haven’t ever led something clearly and you have an aspiration to, talk to a leader or mentor in your church or ministry. See if there are chances to lead by SERVING in your church, or by inviting others to join into a disciple-making team. (If you’re interested in how to start a disciple-making team, please contact us! One of the resources we use to help people get started is this book: Spiritual Multiplication in the Real World.)
   
2. Does your community (those that lead you, work alongside you, or follow you) affirm leadership in you? Ask your discipler, mentor, or leader and those in your church that know you if they sense or see leadership in you. Tell them, ‘I’m sensing that God might be calling me to step into a role of leadership in going overseas: what do you think? How can I grow? What are my strengths and weaknesses as a leader?’ It takes a lot of humility and a lot of courage to ask these questions. Be humble and receive the feedback – even if it is hearing, ‘you haven’t really been a leader yet and need to develop quite a bit before you can step into that role.’ The timing of entering into leadership is up to God.
   
3. Reflect on your motivations of being a leader. Is it for recognition or approval? Or to be faithful to God’s calling, and to serve others? In 1 Peter 5, Peter gives the elders and shepherds, spiritual leaders of God’s people, an exhortation for what motivations they are to have as leaders – ‘not under compulsion, but willingly, as God would have you; not for shameful gain, but eagerly; not domineering over those in your charge, but being examples to the flock.’ A lot of leaders will struggle with pride, and it’s super dangerous. Just two verses later, Peter says that God opposes the proud, but gives grace to the humble. Ask God to give you a humble heart, and to help you surrender any prideful motivations to instead be a humble and servant leader.
   
4. Spend time in prayer and listening. Ask God if a role of leadership is what He has for you. Ask Him how you need to develop. Submit to God’s calling one way or another, even if He is saying that you aren’t ready or just not yet. Ultimately, the best place to be is submitted to whatever role that God has for you. But I’m willing to bet that for many of you, He may be calling you into a role of serving through leading.
   
5. Count the Cost. As you discern whether or not you have a calling for leadership, it’s imperative that you take time to count the cost. Leadership is a heavy responsibility, and if leadership truly is serving, then it requires you to be thinking of your people and their needs, often even above your own. Are you willing to longsuffer with your people, and bear their burdens with them? Are you willing to sacrifice time to yourself or with your family for the sake of those you lead? Are you willing to go first, which many times includes failing first, in many ministry endeavors? Are you willing to engage in conflict and hard conversations as you develop those God has given to you? Will you give up your sleep and your free time and your preferences? Are you willing to take responsibility for the health, thriving, and direction of your team and teammates? If some of these things feel difficult to say ‘yes’ to, then process that with the Lord and ask him why you feel tension. Sometimes, this might reveal where we need to grow, and sometimes it might show us we aren’t quite ready for leadership yet.
   
   In our first year, Jenn and I were dealing with all the same cross-cultural stressors and difficulties of transitioning to the field. Learning a new language and culture is certainly a significant enough challenge! But as leaders, we were responsible for helping our teammates through those transitions as well. Whether it was helping a couple on our team through marital issues, staying with a teammate who was in the hospital for over a month, or mediating a conflict between team members, as leaders, we were called to be present, serve, and lead those that God had entrusted to us.
   
   Counting the cost does not mean just considering all the difficulties – the cost includes the reward. In that very same passage where Peter exhorts the spiritual leaders, he points us to the great and lasting reward given to those faithful in leadership.

“And when the chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.”

1 Peter 5:4

Ultimately, our role is to point those that we lead to the chief Shepherd – who shepherds those on our teams but also shepherds and cares for us! Are you willing to respond in obedience to God’s call on your life to not only go, but to lead others? The reward is to reign and rule with Christ in glory for all time.

For our second post in the Leadership Foundations series, we felt the need to address this question – why are leaders needed?

From our Overview post, we defined leadership as this: a leader is a man or woman who receives vision from God to influence the people of God towards the purposes of God.

A disclaimer to begin: this blog, this post, and really anything we write about leaders and leadership is not meant to devalue ‘non-leaders.’ Like we said in the overview post, leadership is a role not a value, and Kingdom leaders are servants. There’s also different types of leaders over different scopes of influence, from a couple of people to thousands or even millions. It all depends on what God chooses to do in and through your life – and it’s up to us to be surrendered and content with our Kingdom assignment.

But we started this blog because the work of pioneering among the unreached is exceedingly difficult, and for those called to help lead a team of people in that work, the resources and training are slim to none. Because of that, there is a massive lack of well-prepared, well-coached team leaders on the missions field, leading to significant carnage in people’s lives that is largely preventable, and lack of effectiveness in the Great Commission. Here are 4 reasons why more and better leaders are needed on the missions field.

1. Because God’s pattern in the Bible is using leaders.

We mentioned this in the Foundations post as well, but God’s clear pattern throughout Scripture is in choosing, communicating, and working through a leader or leaders in order to lead the people of God. The majority of the books of the Bible are named after, or at least follow the life and actions of, the leaders of God’s people. Ultimately, every single leader in Scripture and in our lives is meant to be a dim representation of our one true and better leader, Jesus. In the one person of Jesus, we see all the facets of godly leadership together: prophet, priest, and king, servant, conqueror, shepherd, teacher, healer, everything.

And this pattern of leaders who imitate Christ that we are to imitate and follow (1 Cor. 11:1) is continued by Paul’s establishment of elders over the church in the New Testament. There are leaders for the shepherding of the flock where the church is established, and also leaders to pioneer the work where the church is not yet present. More on that later.

2. Because leaders are the bottleneck.

What we mean by this is that without leaders, the effectiveness and thriving of missions teams is greatly slowed or halted. If God’s pattern for helping His people thrive and multiply His glory among the nations is through godly leadership, it also means that where there is a lack of godly leaders, God’s people are slowed in moving towards His purposes. Examples abound in Scripture of unrighteous leaders leading their people towards ruin (10 spies, Saul, Judges, etc.), and godly leaders helping to make God’s name great and His people flourish.

And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ.

Ephesians 4:11-16

In Ephesians 4, Paul speaks of how Christ has given a variety of leaders with different giftings (apostles, prophets, evangelists, shepherds, teachers – commonly known as the five-fold giftings) to the church. But for what reason? To equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God.

Leaders are given to equip the people of God for the ministry of God – not simply to do the ministry themselves. And when the saints are equipped and ministering, the body of Christ is built up and the believers move towards maturity.

The same is true on the missions field. Leaders are greatly needed to provide equipping, development, shepherding, and vision for those called to bring the gospel to the ends of the earth. It is arguably the most difficult category of calling that can be given to a believer – pioneering the gospel in a radically different culture that has been resistant to the gospel message and messengers for potentially hundreds of years. Yet there is a surprising lack of resources, development, and coaching for goers, and even less for team leaders on the missions field.

When we launched to the field as 25 year-old team leaders, we had already gone through a 9-month training program for cross-cultural workers, and worked in ministry for another 1.5 years to develop in leadership. That preparation helped greatly – and it was still maybe 10-20% of what we needed to be successful as team leaders. Most days, we had no idea what we were doing. As we reflect on our early years especially, it’s clear that without the Father holding and persevering us and our team to stay on the field, if we had gone just 5% more in the wrong direction, our entire team could easily have been sent home.

In our past 8 years on the field, we have seen many friends that were clearly called to the nations, passionate about the glory of God, fully committed to give their lives to the Great Commission, have to leave the field. In the ReMAP II study over missionary retention, they conclude that over 50% of people that leave the field, leave for preventable reasons like team conflict, lack of clarity, unmet expectations, and lack of effective leadership.

For me, much of this stems from the lack of well-prepared and well-coached team leaders on the field. Much of the mindset of the missions environment is a ‘next man up’ approach to leadership – someone needs to be a team leader if there are goers on the field, whether or not they are called or prepared or even want to be one. There are plenty of leaders that find themselves in a leadership role and want to do a good job, but just aren’t supported or equipped in order to do so. The weightiness of needing to be at least competent in a multitude of areas like shepherding, management, vision-casting, administration, communication, language learning, cross-cultural interactions, security, and not to mention pioneering the gospel among the unreached, can be crushing for almost anyone. And that’s just for those that even desire to be good leaders. I wish I was joking when we say that we know of multiple friends who moved overseas only to find their team leader had moved to a different location and abdicated their leadership responsibility without telling anyone.

3. Because the Great Commission is unfinished.

In Romans 15, Paul gives some insight into his driving motivation for his life and ministry: “and thus I make it my ambition to preach the gospel, not where Christ has already been named, lest I build on someone else’s foundation, but as it is written, ‘Those who have never been told of him will see, and those who have never heard will understand.’”

This Romans 15 type of ambition is what Floyd McClung called ‘Apostolic passion’ – people with a passion for God’s glory among the unreached who are willing to abandon their lives for this purpose. Many people, whether goers, senders, or mobilizers, have this apostolic passion.

But I believe it is leaders with apostolic passion that are needed to pioneer out into those 7000+ remaining unreached people groups, and to equip and influence the people of God who might have this same apostolic passion towards their most effective role in the Great Commission. Leaders are the ones that are willing to go forward and go first, ones that see the need and fulfill it, ones that can create the solutions and opportunities for others to join in.

If God’s pattern in Scripture is using leaders to move His people, and a lack of leaders is the bottleneck for effective ministry, then the Great Commission remains unfinished because there are not enough godly, effective leaders with this Romans 15 apostolic passion. 

Hudson Taylor was a leader with this apostolic passion; he said, “If I had a thousand lives, China should have them. No! Not China, but Christ. Can we do too much for Him? Can we do enough for such a precious Saviour?”

Jim Elliot said, “‘He makes His ministers a flame of fire.’ Am I ignitable? God deliver me from the dread asbestos of ‘other things.’ Saturate me with the oil of the Spirit that I may be a flame. But flame is transient, often short-lived. Canst thou bear this, my soul – short life? In me there dwells the Spirit of the Great Short-Lived, whose zeal for God’s house consumed Him. ‘Make me Thy Fuel, Flame of God.’”

Lillias Trotter said, “Oh to learn how to fight through the battle in the heavenly places till the day comes. To attempt the impossible & expect the impossible – it comes back to that again.”

C.T. Studd said, “If Jesus Christ be God and died for me, then no sacrifice can be too great for me to make for Him.”

Has God given you this burning desire in your heart to see those without the gospel worship Jesus? Has he gifted you with a mindset or willingness to push forward when you see a need or a gap? More of these leaders are needed to see the Great Commission finished and to hasten the day of Jesus’ return.

4. Because it might be the role God has called you to play.

The first 3 reasons were abstract, high-level reasons why leaders are needed. But for the person reading this post, it comes down to what role God has called you to play. If you’ve read this far, it may be something that God has for you.

Like I (Steven) mentioned in the first post, I reluctantly entered into a role of team leadership. It was weird to lead my friends, I didn’t feel ready, and I had never really thought of myself as a leader. But I remember praying and asking the Lord, talking with mentors, having honest conversations with the friends I was going to be leading, and felt like the answer was yes. It was a role that God was asking me to take.

It has been the most difficult, frustrating, lonely, insane thing that Jenn and I have done. And it has been the most rewarding, worthwhile, humbling season that drew us closer in identification with Jesus than we could’ve imagined.

Leading a team took a lot of tears, long conversations, conflicts, hours in the hospital with teammates, hard decisions. But God brought us through all that and provided what we needed, mainly through teaching us Union with Christ. In 2019, when we expanded to 3 teams, we realized that our original team was ending. So we did a little exercise and asked – think of 3 words that describe yourself and 3 words that described this team when you first joined, and pick 3 words that describe yourself and the team now. And these are the words they chose.

From selfish, proud, naive, insecure, broken, superficial, strangers – to joyful, rooted in Christ, safe, knitted together, abiding, thriving, tested, humbled, fruitful, impactful family. It’s such an unbelievable thing that God did in such a short amount of time. By God’s grace, we are coaching dozens of Thai church planting teams that have seen some unbelievable fruit in the last few years. And that is so awesome. But if you ask us what might be the most rewarding thing from these last 8 years, it would be this list and our people. To see people freed from sin, grow into their own giftings, to see our team go from this mishmash of strangers into a legit family – it’s been one of the greatest privileges and joys to be a part of what God was doing with these people. If you would consider playing this role on a team as a leader – I guarantee it’ll be one of the most difficult things you’ve ever done, and probably the most worthwhile.

Lastly, I’ll leave you with an exhortation: Don’t disqualify yourself! So many times with leadership, including in me and Jenn’s story, we get in the way of what God is trying to do in and through us. We might think – my character isn’t godly enough, my motivations aren’t pure enough, my experience isn’t good enough, my giftings aren’t impressive enough – whatever it is, and we think, ‘maybe I shouldn’t be a leader.’ Many of you guys may have heard this quote – ‘God does not call the qualified, He qualifies the called.’ Moses, David, Abraham – all of them were not ready for the leadership role that God prepared for them when He called them to it, but for all of them, He prepared them to be leaders over His people in the right role and the right timing.

There is so much joy in stepping into what God has prepared! Like the parable of the talents, it doesn’t matter if you’re given 2, 5, or 10 talents – if you’re faithful with it, you join in the pleasure of our good Master. But if we reject or bury it, His response is rebuke. Be obedient to what He calls you to – whether it’s a role of leadership, or whether it’s something else.

In our next post, we’ll try to answer the question – How do I discern if I’m a leader?

All Leadership Foundations Posts:
LF – Why are Leaders Needed?
LF – How Do I Discern if I’m a Leader?
LF – How Do I Develop as a Leader?
LF – How to Form a Personal Development Plan
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The words ‘leader’ or ‘leadership’ have a lot of broad connotations for different people. The term leader is used in sports, business, family, church, hobbies, politics, military, and practically every possible area of life. As a blog and resource for missions leaders, we thought it’d be good to define and introduce some of what we mean when we say ‘leader’ or ‘leadership.’

We’ll have a series of posts covering the thoughts and lessons we’ve learned about leadership over the years, and we will try to answer questions that we have had in our discernment process and questions that aspiring leaders have asked us over time. Things like – ‘How do I know if I’m a leader?’, ‘What type of leader am I?’, or ‘What’s the process for becoming a team leader?’

Much of the following is from an ‘Aspiring Leaders’ workshop we’ve given for the past 2 years at a conference for future cross-cultural goers to introduce them to leadership and help them discern if God is calling them towards a leadership role overseas.

What is a Leader?

When we launched to the field as team leaders 8 years ago, we were 25 year old, 6 month newlyweds – and we had NO IDEA what we were doing. Most of what we’ve learned, we’ve learned from making mistakes and failing repeatedly. Over time, as we started to learn how much we didn’t know and how much help we needed, we started grabbing mentors in every category of team leadership, reading books and articles, and most importantly, receiving from the Holy Spirit and the Word.

From that, a few clarifying lessons about leadership have been repeatedly true.

Firstly – what is a leader? After looking at probably 20 definitions of leader and leadership through my seminary class, this is the definition I use, primarily adopted from Robert Clinton’s Making of a Leader with a little adjustment.

A leader is a man or woman who receives vision from God to influence the people of God towards the purposes of God.

• Receives vision: Another word you could say is to receive direction from God. Without receiving direction from God – then it’s just a worldly leader instead of a godly leader, even if they are a ministry leader. Leaders must be consistently receiving from the Lord – through the Word, through community and mentors, and through prayer and the Holy Spirit. And this is true for a big, life-long vision, and the day-to-day steps of faithful obedience towards that end goal. Receiving from God is an essential component for a leader!
• Influence the people of God: The word influence here is used broadly, and can encompass a large variety of words – manage, direct, encourage, empower, communicate, etc. Once you have the vision, you have to be able to apply influence over a group of people to move in that direction. One way to tell if you’re a leader? If people are following you towards something.
• Purposes of God: There’s an end goal that God is trying to move His people towards. For missions leaders specifically, it’s to ultimately see God’s glory among the nations. As a leader, the things you say, the decisions you make, the actions you take – they are all focused towards leading the people God has given you towards seeing all peoples worship Jesus. And leading them to thrive in the specific purposes and roles He’s given them.

Other Aspects of Ministry Leadership

Now that we have the definition of leadership, here are some other aspects of biblical leadership that we think are important, with consideration towards missions team leadership as the focus.

God’s pattern throughout the Bible is using leaders: If you think about almost all the stories in the Bible, they are told primarily through a man or woman that God is calling to be used as His representative to receive vision or direction from Him, and to lead and influence the people of God, whether Israel or the Church, towards the purposes that God has. Think about people like Moses, David, Daniel, Esther, Paul, or Priscila and Aquila. God absolutely has a personal relationship with every person that belongs to Him, AND He chooses to use specific men and women as leaders of His people. Both are true. 

Many times, when the leaders that God chooses are godly, obedient, sensitive to the Spirit’s leading, and act as servants, the people of God thrive. When leaders fall into sin or disobedience, it has a negative effect on the people of God. For example, when the 12 spies enter into the Promised Land in Numbers 13, 10 of them are intimidated by the people in the land and spread a bad or false report to the people of Israel. In turn, the people grumble against God and invoke his anger, to the point that Moses has to intercede on their behalf. But the consequence is significant – from the poor leadership of the 10 spies, the people of Israel are condemned to die in the desert.

For some reason, God chooses to work through leaders, and as leaders go, many times, so go the people they lead. We’ve seen this as practically true on the field as well – when there are godly, healthy, servant team leaders, the teams tend to thrive. When there are ill-prepared, detached leaders, teams tend to suffer. And unfortunately, in our experience, there are many more ineffective and unhealthy leaders than effective and healthy leaders. Largely, team leaders want to do a good job and lead well, but the task is so insurmountable and the preparation and support is so minimal, that they are not set up for success. This is why we chose to start a blog for missions leaders.

Servant Leadership: The biblical definition of leadership is not the same as the world’s definition. Mark 10 makes this very clear – James and John want positions of authority at Jesus’ right and left hands. And Jesus makes it clear that biblical leadership is servant leadership. 

And Jesus called them to him and said to them, “You know that those who are considered rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them. But it shall not be so among you. But whoever would be great among you must be your servant, and whoever would be first among you must be slave of all. For even the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”

Mark 10:42-45

People might think at first that being a leader has privileges – you get to decide what happens, people have to listen to you, do what you say – that isn’t really biblical leadership. If you try to ‘exercise authority’ instead of serving others and putting other people’s needs and desires above your own, then your leadership will backfire. So this is a question for aspiring leaders who are discerning: are you willing to put down your preferences in order to be a servant leader?

Leadership is a Role, not a Value: I (Steven) personally struggled with stepping into leadership when we were forming our team. Some of the people on our Thailand team were friends that I had known for 20+ years, and we were just wanting to join a team together. But as we investigated, we didn’t find almost any teams that were healthy and pursuing a vision for movements. So we were encouraged to become a team, and I was invited to be the team leader. At first, I rejected it completely – it’s so weird, why would I be a leader over my peers and friends? I’m not better than them, and I didn’t have more experience or anything like that. But as I spent time in prayer and studying the Word and asking for feedback, God was showing me that leadership is a role, not a value. The world may look at leaders and assign to them more value. In the kingdom of God, our value is found in belonging to Christ, regardless of what role we play. 1 Corinthians 12 helped me to understand that the body of Christ has a variety of giftings, meant to serve one another, and in fact it is the more modest parts that deserve to be given greater honor.

The eye cannot say to the hand, “I have no need of you,” nor again the head to the feet, “I have no need of you.” On the contrary, the parts of the body that seem to be weaker are indispensable, and on those parts of the body that we think less honorable we bestow the greater honor, and our unpresentable parts are treated with greater modesty, which our more presentable parts do not require. But God has so composed the body, giving greater honor to the part that lacked it, that there may be no division in the body, but that the members may have the same care for one another. If one member suffers, all suffer together; if one member is honored, all rejoice together.

1 Corinthians 12:21–26

For me, God had given me some attributes and giftings that made sense for me to step into the leader role. So when I learned that it was a role, not a value putting me ABOVE my friends and teammates but even more so in a position BELOW them as a servant, then I became willing to say ‘yes’ to becoming a leader. And a huge credit to my friends, who displayed great humility by allowing me and even encouraging me to become their leader. There are many roles on a team; some of the ways that the leader role serves others is by helping to cast vision, make decisions, take responsibility, and communicate.

Character and Gifting for Leaders: There are many ways to break down the components of a leader, including character, calling, gifting, and capacity. But the primary marker of biblical leadership is Christ-like character. Leaders are not perfect – in fact, in the Bible, there’s a ton of flaws that we see in leaders – but it’s clear that Paul emphasizes spiritual character and maturity as the prerequisite for becoming a leader. Having certain gifts or attributes as a leader are important, but the character piece is primary. 1 Timothy 3 and 1 Peter 5 provide some lists of expected character for leaders in the church or ministry. For our team, we are particularly looking for people who have strong humility, maturity, and integrity, or at least are willing to develop in those things. Godly character is primary for spiritual leaders!

In terms of leadership giftings, one grid to look at is APEST in Ephesians 4:11 – “And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ.” This can be a helpful grid to think about what type of leader you are, though it’s not just limited to those. There’s also the spiritual gifts in 1 Corinthians 12. For example, administration is another type of gifting that can be found in a leader. Learning your leadership giftings is important so that you can lead out of the ways that God has made and gifted you. And learning your giftings helps you to be self-aware about the areas you might be weaker – in order to develop your competencies as a leader or to recruit others that will fill in those weaknesses. We’ll talk more about developing your character, giftings, skills, and strengths in a future post.

Types of Missions Leaders – Team Leader and Sub-Team Leader: Lastly, there’s many different types of leaders within the church and ministry, but for the purposes of this blog, we are specifically focusing on leaders for missions teams. You’ve probably heard people say something like, ‘everyone is a leader!’ In some sense, this is true that every disciple is a leader, because we are all called to be disciple-makers.

But throughout Scripture (Exodus 18:13-26; Deut. 1:13-15) and in ministry, there are different levels of leadership – a disciple-maker would be a leader over 2 or 3. You might have a leader over a disciple-making team of 6-10 people.

Two roles that we are primarily highlighting is that of a team leader or a sub-team leader, but there are a variety of leadership levels on missions teams. The goal is not necessarily to reach one of these levels, but to identify what level of leadership that you are at and to serve faithfully in that role for the season that God has you in.

We’re starting this blog out with what we believe is the most important lesson we’ve ever learned apart from the gospel: union with Christ. In terms of significance and impact on our lives, it’s union with Christ – #1, and everything else – #2.

If God had not taught us the lesson of union with Christ, we’re not confident we would have made it past our first term on the field, or how we would have made it through this past season of cancer. It is foundational to how we understand and access the power to live out Galatians 2:20:

“I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me.”

Are we Abiding?

In recent years, the language and emphasis on John 15 and abiding in Christ has come increasingly to the forefront. Before we jump into what union with Christ is, just a few questions first to establish a baseline about abiding.

a. What does it mean to abide?

b. How do you abide practically?

c. What is the goal of your abiding?

d. Do you feel like you experience the abiding that Jesus talks about in John 15?

If we were answering these questions before we learned about union, we would have to admit that we saw abiding as just a glorified quiet time. Another discipline for the believer. There wasn’t really any power or experience, it was just something that we did. There is so much more available to us than this!

The Problem

Before we launched to Thailand, we felt nervous but excited. It had already been a 5 year journey of discerning our calling, going through training, making disciples with international students, forming our team, and preparing to go. Our team was made up of our closest friends, and we were filled with vision and zeal to see Thailand reached with the gospel.

But when we arrived in Thailand, six months newly married, we were immediately crushed by the difficult realities of cross-cultural transition. Being overseas, everything we ever depended on for comfort and every support structure was immediately ripped away. We had no language, no friends, no safety nets, no hobbies, and we were constantly sweating and exhausted with culture stress, which in turn caused frequent sickness. Of course, our first apartment was also infested by roaches. (Having a roach fall on your face in the middle of the night will cause some trauma!) 

Instead, for the first 9 months, we fought nearly every day, often over nothing but a desire to lash out and pull each other down in our culture shock. Our teammates were also drowning in cultural stress. They were looking to us to be the team leaders that had everything together and knew all the right answers.

And without realizing, self-reliance and self-protection rose to the surface. Many days, it was hard to get out of bed without dreading what we had to face that day. And somewhere in the midst of this, we began to justify the stress and striving as a type of “holy suffering” that we were enduring as goers and followers of Jesus. Like, the more stressed out we were and the harder it was, the more we were suffering and sacrificing for Jesus, right? It meant we were doing a good job.

The Breaking Point

It was almost a year in when God revealed to us through his Word that we were living in sin, trusting our own abilities instead of trusting God. Did you know there are over 400 verses in the Bible commanding the believer to not worry or fear?

“Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will put on… And which of you by being anxious can add a single hour to his span of life?”

Matthew 6:25, 27

God struck our hearts like a ton of bricks. Do not worry, do not be anxious – this is a command that God intends for us to obey, yet we were living in constant anxiety and treating this command as optional. We were refusing to believe the promises of God to give peace that transcends all understanding (Phil 4:7) and of a yoke that is easy and a burden that is light (Matthew 11:28-30).

At that point, the people on our team were continually feeling like they weren’t doing enough or weren’t busy enough, completely exhausted and stressed themselves. And to our great sorrow, this was because we had established and modeled a culture based on our own patterns of sin and striving, and the team that God entrusted to us to shepherd and care for fell right in with our sin patterns. 

Of course it’s not wrong to experience stress and trials, but our response to it was anxiety, complaining, judging others, relying on ourselves, unhealthy coping mechanisms, and just working harder. So we came before our team and confessed to them that we were leading them towards sin through our striving and anxiety. 

This was one of the hardest moments in our early leadership.

Discovering the Secret

Now we were perplexed. We are commanded to not worry and not strive, and yet there was work to be done and difficulty and culture stress abounded. We believed the promises of God for joy, strength, blessing, and peace were true, but all the time we felt lacking in wisdom and energy and everything. How were we supposed to just “give it all to Jesus” and just… stop worrying? Paul talks about this exact situation in Philippians 4. 

“I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content. In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret.” 

And we saw this peace and contentedness and abiding in missionary biographies, or the example of other people we knew who seemed to be living in fullness of faith. We just knew there was something missing in our lives in terms of power, or enjoying God’s promises fully. We thought it had something to do with John 15 abiding, but how were we to get it?

One day, we randomly decided to listen to a John Piper talk about Hudson Taylor’s life. Every biography about Hudson Taylor mentions his “spiritual secret” or “exchanged life.” It sounds like Paul’s “secret” in Philippians 4 right?

God used this talk to completely change our lives, as it set us on a path toward understanding Hudson Taylor’s secret, union with Christ.

More in Part 2.